Plant Science
Resources
- Plant Science Workbook - Agronomy Option
- Plant Science Workbook - Field Botany Option
- Plant Science Workbook - Horticulture Option
- Scoutmaster Bucky's Merit Badge Advancement Quick Reference
- Scoutmaster Bucky's Acknowledgement Form
Related
Plant Science Requirements Current Scouts BSA requirements
as of March 8, 2025
as of March 8, 2025
1.
Make a drawing and identify five or more parts of a flowering plant. Tell
what each part does.
2.
Explain photosynthesis and tell why this process is important. Tell at
least five ways that humans depend on plants.
3.
Explain how honeybees and other pollinating insects are important to plant
life.
4.
Explain how water, light, air, temperature, and pests affect plants.
Describe the nature and function of soil and explain its importance. Tell
about the texture, structure, and composition of fertile soil. Tell how
soil may be improved.
5.
Tell how to propagate plants by seeds, roots, cuttings, tubers, and
grafting. Grow a plant by ONE of these methods.
6.
List by common name at least 10 native plants and 10 cultivated plants that
grow near your home. List five invasive non-native plants in your area and
tell how they may be harmful. Tell how the spread of invasive plants may be
avoided or controlled in ways that are not damaging to humans, wildlife,
and the environment.
7.
Name and tell about careers in agronomy, horticulture, and botany. Write a
paragraph about a career in one of these fields that interests you.
8.
Choose ONE of the following options and complete each requirement:
Option 1: Agronomy
A.
Describe how to prepare a seedbed.
B.
Make and use a seed germination tester to test 50 seeds of four of the
following plants: corn, cotton, alfalfa, soybeans, clover, wheat, rice,
rye, barley. Determine the percentage of live seeds.
C.
Explain one important insect pest and one important disease that damage
each of the following: corn, small grains, cotton. Collect and name
five weeds that compete with crops in your locality. Tell how to
control these weeds without harming people, wildlife, or useful
insects.
D.
On a map of the United States, identify the chief regions where corn,
cotton, forage crops, small grain crops, and oil crops grow. Tell how
climate and location of these regions make them leaders in the
production of these crops.
E.
Complete ONE of the following alternatives:
1.
Corn
a.
Grow a plot of corn and have your plot inspected by your
counselor. Record seed variety or experimental code number.
b.
Tell about modern methods of commercial corn farming and the
contributions that corn makes to today's food and fuel supply.
c.
Tell about an insect that can damage corn, and explain how it
affects corn production and how it is controlled.
2.
Cotton
a.
Grow a plot of cotton and have your plot inspected by your
counselor.
b.
Tell about modern methods of commercial cotton farming, and
about the uses of cotton fiber and seed and the economic value
of this crop.
c.
Tell about an insect that can damage cotton, and explain how it
affects cotton production and how it is controlled.
3.
Forage Crops
a.
Collect, count, and label samples of each for display:
perennial grasses, annual grasses, legumes, and broadleaf
weeds. Indicate how each grass and legume is used. Keep a log
of the site where you found each sample and share it with your
counselor.
b.
Explain how legumes can be used to enrich the soil and how they
may deplete it under certain conditions. Explain how livestock
may enrich or deplete the soil.
c.
Name five poisonous plants that are dangerous to livestock, and
tell the different ways of using forage crops as feed for
livestock.
4.
Small Grains
a.
Give production figures for small grain crops listed in the
U.S. Statistical Report or Agricultural Statistics Handbook
for the latest year available.
b.
Help in harvesting a crop of grain. Tell how to reduce
harvesting losses and about modern methods of growing one small
grain crop.
c.
Visit a grain elevator, flour mill, cereal plant, feed or seed
company. Talk with the operator. Take notes, and describe the
processes used and tell your patrol, troop, or class about your
visit.
5.
Oil Crops
a.
Grow a plot of soybeans and have your plot inspected by your
counselor.
b.
Tell about modern methods of growing soybeans on a commercial
scale, and discuss the contributions soybeans make to our food
supply.
c.
Explain why a hard frost can be dangerous to soybeans just
after emergence.
Option 2: Horticulture
A.
Visit one of the following places and tell what you learned about
horticulture there: public garden, arboretum, retail nursery, wholesale
nursery, production greenhouse, or conservatory greenhouse.
B.
Explain the following terms: hardiness zone, shade tolerance, pH,
moisture requirement, native habitat, texture, cultivar, ultimate size,
disease resistance, habit, evergreen, deciduous, annual, perennial.
Find out what hardiness zone you live in and list 10 landscape plants
you like that are suitable for your climate, giving the common name and
scientific name for each.
C.
Do ONE of the following:
1.
Explain the difference between vegetative and sexual propagation
methods, and tell some horticultural advantages of each. Grow a
plant from a stem or root cutting or graft.
2.
Transplant 12 seedlings or rooted cuttings to larger containers and
grow them for at least one month.
3.
Demonstrate good pruning techniques and tell why pruning is
important.
4.
After obtaining permission, plant a tree or shrub properly in an
appropriate site.
D.
Do the following:
1.
Explain the importance of good landscape design and selection of
plants that are suitable for particular sites and conditions.
2.
Tell why it is important to know how big a plant will grow.
3.
Tell why slower-growing landscape plants are sometimes a better
choice than faster-growing varieties.
E.
Do ONE of the following alternatives:
1.
Bedding Plants
a.
Grow bedding plants appropriate for your area in pots or flats
from seed or cuttings in a manufactured soil mix. Explain why
you chose the mix and tell what is in it.
b.
Transplant plants to a bed in the landscape and maintain the
bed until the end of the growing season. Record your
activities, observations, materials used, and costs.
c.
Demonstrate mulching, fertilizing, watering, weeding, and
deadheading, and tell how each practice helps your plants.
d.
Tell some differences between gardening with annuals and
perennials.
2.
Fruit, Berry, and Nut Crops
a.
Plant five fruit or nut trees, grapevines, or berry plants that
are suited to your area. Take full care of fruit or nut trees,
grapevines, or berry plants through one season.
b.
Prune a tree, vine, or shrub properly. Explain why pruning is
necessary.
c.
Demonstrate one type of graft and tell why this method is
useful.
d.
Describe how one fruit, nut, or berry crop is processed for
use.
3.
Woody Ornamentals
a.
Plant five or more trees or shrubs in a landscape setting. Take
full care of the trees or shrubs you have planted for one
growing season.
b.
Prune a tree or shrub properly. Explain why pruning is necessary.
c.
List 10 trees (in addition to those listed in general
requirement 5 above) and tell your counselor how each is used
in the landscape. Give the common and scientific names.
d.
Describe the size, texture, color, flowers, leaves, fruit,
hardiness, cultural requirements, and any special
characteristics that make each type of tree or shrub attractive
or interesting.
e.
Tell five ways trees help improve the quality of our environment.
4.
Home Gardening
a.
Design and plant a garden or landscape that is at least 10 by
10 feet.
b.
Plant 10 or more different types of plants in your garden. Tell
why you selected particular varieties of vegetables and
flowers. Take care of the plants in your garden for one season.
c.
Demonstrate soil preparation, staking, watering, weeding,
mulching, composting, fertilizing, pest management, and
pruning. Tell why each technique is used.
d.
Tell four types of things you could provide to make your home
landscape or park a better place for birds and wildlife. List
the common and scientific names of 10 kinds of native plants
that are beneficial to birds and wildlife in your area.
Option 3: Field Botany
A.
Visit a park, forest, Scout camp, or other natural area near your home.
While you are there:
1.
Determine which species of plants are the largest and which are the
most abundant. Note whether they cast shade on other plants.
2.
Using information from maps, textbooks, or the internet, describe
the environmental factors that may influence the presence of plants
on your site, including latitude, climate, air and soil
temperature, soil type and pH, geology, hydrology, and topography.
3.
Record any differences in the types of plants you see at the edge
of a forest, near water, in burned areas, or near a road or
railroad.
B.
Select a study site that is at least 100 by 100 feet. Make a list of 10
woody plants (trees and shrubs) and 10 non-woody plants in the study
site. Find out which of these are native plants and which are exotic
(or nonnative).
C.
Tell how an identification key works and use a simple key to identify
10 kinds of plants (in addition to those in general requirement 5
above). Tell the difference between common and scientific names and
tell why scientific names are important.
D.
After gaining permission, collect, identify, press, mount, and label 10
different plants that are common in your area. Tell why voucher
specimens are important for documentation of a field botanist's
discoveries.
E.
Obtain a list of rare plants of your state. Tell what is being done to
protect rare plants and natural areas in your state. Write a paragraph
about one of the rare plants in your state.
F.
Do ONE of the following alternatives:
1.
Tree Inventory
a.
Identify the trees of your neighborhood, a park, a section of
your town, or a Scout camp.
b.
Collect, press, and label leaves, flowers, or fruits to
document your inventory.
c.
List the types of trees by scientific name and give common
names. Note the number and size (diameter at 4 feet above
ground) of trees observed and determine the largest of each
species in your study area.
d.
Show two or more people how to use a leaf or twig key to
identify at least five species of trees or shrubs.
2.
Transect Study
a.
Visit two sites, at least one of which is different from the
one you visited for Field Botany requirement 1.
b.
Use the transect method to study the two different kinds of
plant communities. The transects should be at least 500 feet
long.
c.
At each site, record observations about the soil and other
influencing factors AND do the following. Then make a graph or
chart to show the results of your studies.
1.
Identify each tree within 10 feet of the transect line.
2.
Measure the diameter of each tree at 4 feet above the
ground, and map and list each tree.
3.
Nested Plot
a.
Visit two sites, at least one of which is different from the
one you visited for Field Botany requirement 1.
b.
Mark off nested plots and inventory two different kinds of
plant communities.
c.
At each site, record observations about the soil and other
influencing factors AND do the following. Then make a graph or
chart to show the results of your studies.
1.
Identify, measure, and map each tree in a 100-by-100-foot
plot. (Measure the diameter of each tree larger than 3
inches in diameter at 4 feet above the ground.)
2.
Identify and count all trees and shrubs in a 10-by-10-foot
plot within each of the larger areas.
3.
Identify and count all broad-leaved plants (trees, shrubs,
vines, and herbaceous plants) all plants (wildflowers,
ferns, grasses, mosses, etc.) of a 4-by-4-foot plot within
the 10-by-10-foot plot.
4.
Herbarium Visit
a.
Write ahead and arrange to visit an herbarium at a university,
park, or botanical garden; OR, visit an herbarium Web site
(with your parent or guardian's permission).
b.
Tell how the specimens are arranged and how they are used by
researchers. If possible, observe voucher specimens of a plant
that is rare in your state.
c.
Tell how a voucher specimen is mounted and prepared for
permanent storage. Tell how specimens should be handled so that
they will not be damaged.
d.
Tell about the tools and references used by botanists in an
herbarium.
5.
Plant Conservation Organization Visit
a.
Write ahead and arrange to visit a private conservation
organization or government agency that is concerned with
protecting rare plants and natural areas.
b.
Tell about the activities of the organization in studying and
protecting rare plants and natural areas.
c.
If possible, visit a nature preserve managed by the
organization. Tell about land management activities such as
controlled burning, or measures to eradicate invasive
(nonnative) plants or other threats to the plants that are
native to the area.
