Cub Scouts: 1 hour of study, 1 STEM-related adventure or equivalent, an exploration into a field, and discussions with a Nova counselor. Often drawings, charts, posters, or other visual aids are created. The Scout takes on a couple of experiments and reports on the findings.
Scouts BSA: 3 hours of study, 1 STEM-related merit badge, additional research into a field, some actual work, and discussions with a Nova counselor. Visual aids are often produced in the form of models, charts, drawings, presentations, or reports. The additional work that is performed is sufficient to have a good sample of that field in order to gain further understanding.
Venturing and Sea Scouts: 3 hours of study, 1 STEM-related exploration, additional research into a field, some actual work, and discussions with a Nova counselor. Visual aids are often produced in the form of models, charts, drawings, presentations, or reports. The additional work that is performed is sufficient to have a good sample of that field in order to gain further understanding.
After earning some Nova awards, the next step is to work on a Supernova Award. The Supernova starts with STEM explorations and then learning more about activity topics. When achieving a Supernova Award, the recipient is given a medal instead of a patch or a pin. The lowest award is bronze, and that's roughly the same amount of work as a Nova Award. After that, you can achieve silver and gold, depending on your program – learn more about award progression.
These medals are rarely seen, which makes them extremely interesting. They may be worn during formal events, such as at Blue and Gold ceremonies, Courts of Honor, and Bridges of Honor.